Solvent
WATER
Safety score · 0–100
Excellent
Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.
Plain purified water — the base of nearly every cosmetic. Dissolves and disperses other ingredients. Completely safe and non-irritating in any concentration.
Function
Skin benefits
- Universal solvent
- Hydrates skin
- Carries actives
Known concerns
- No significant concerns at cosmetic concentrations
References
EU CosIng database
European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry: regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.
PubChem
U.S. NIH compound data, GHS hazard codes and toxicity literature.
Related solvents
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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve, so always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.