Other
Naphtha (petroleum), heavy alkylate, if it contains > 0.1% w/w benzene
Safety score · 0–100
Avoid
Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.
About
A heavy alkylation naphtha used as an industrial solvent and fuel component; residual benzene contamination at >0.1% w/w triggers the EU Annex II prohibition for this carcinogenic impurity in cosmetics.
Heavy alkylate naphtha is produced via HF or sulfuric acid alkylation of isobutane with butenes to produce high-octane fuel components. Despite hydroprocessing, residual benzene may persist above the 0.1% w/w cutoff. EU Regulation 1223/2009 Annex II bars benzene at this level in any cosmetic ingredient, making this substance prohibited regardless of its concentration in a finished product.
Known concerns
- Benzene >0.1% w/w — EU Annex II prohibited carcinogen
- Fuel-grade hydrocarbon with no established cosmetic safety
- HF alkylation process may introduce additional metal contaminants
References
EU CosIng database
European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry — regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.
Related others
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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve — always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.