Surfactant
PEG-10 COCOATE
Safety score · 0–100
Fine
Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.
About
An ethoxylated coconut fatty acid ester functioning as an emulsifier, with typical concerns about PEG processing impurities and environmental persistence of the coco component.
PEG-10 Cocoate is the polyethylene glycol ester of coconut fatty acids (average 10 EO units), classified as a surfactant and emulsifying agent in EU cosmetics nomenclature (INCI). Ethoxylated surfactants like PEG cocoates are widely used and permitted in cosmetic formulations within the EU. However, PEG processing carries a recognized concern: 1,4-dioxane (a trace processing impurity) and residual ethylene oxide are classified as potential carcinogens and mutagens. EU REACH regulations and SCCS guidance call for minimization of these impurities in cosmetic formulations. The coco component (derived from Cocos nucifera) is considered a natural, sustainable surfactant source. PEG-10 Cocoate itself is not restricted under EU cosmetics Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, but the impurity profile requires GMP-quality sourcing.
Function
Skin benefits
- Provides effective oil-in-water emulsification for stable cream and lotion formulations
- Coconut-derived fatty acids contribute to mild, non-ionic surfactant character suitable for sensitive skin
Known concerns
- 1,4-dioxane (trace processing impurity in PEG surfactants) is classified as a probable human carcinogen (IARC Group 2B); reformulation with ether-free alternatives may be preferable for 'natural' positioning
- Residual ethylene oxide may be present as a processing impurity and is classified as a known mutagen (EU CLP Category 1B)
- Controversial in 'natural' and 'clean beauty' formulations due to ethoxylation process
References
EU CosIng database
European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry — regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.
Related surfactants
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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve — always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.