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CITRUS AURANTIUM AMARA PEEL WATER
Safety score · 0–100
Fine
Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.
About
Aromatic steam-distillate water from bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium) peel, used in cosmetics for its fragrance and tonic properties but containing furanocoumarins and fragrance allergens.
Citrus aurantium amara peel water is obtained by steam distillation of bitter orange peel, producing a water-soluble aromatic liquid containing limonene, linalool, and furanocoumarins including bergapten and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP). EU Regulation 1223/2009 Annex III lists furanocoumarins (bergapten, 5-MOP, and 8-methoxypsoralen) as restricted substances with a maximum combined concentration of 1 mg/kg in ready-for-use cosmetic products, due to phototoxicity and photosensitisation risk. Steam-distilled bitter orange peel water generally meets this limit, but the restriction is relevant to any cosmetic formulator's risk assessment. Limonene and linalool are fragrance allergens requiring declaration under EU Annex III.
Skin benefits
- Astringent and tonic properties for oily/combination skin
- Antimicrobial volatile compounds
- Refreshing citrus fragrance
- Contains vitamin C and hesperidin as residual peel constituents
Known concerns
- Furanocoumarins (bergapten, 5-MOP) — EU Annex III restriction applies (max 1 mg/kg in product)
- Photosensitisation risk — should not be used before UV exposure
- Limonene and linalool are declared fragrance allergens (EU Annex III)
- Oxidative degradation products of limonene can increase skin irritation
References
EU CosIng database
European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry — regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.
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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve — always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.