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P-PHENETIDINE

CAS 156-43-4 / 659-34-7
18

Safety score · 0–100

Avoid

Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.

An aromatic amine hair dye precursor explicitly restricted under EU Annex II (II/1203), indicating serious safety concerns including potential carcinogenicity; use in cosmetics is severely limited.

p-Phenetidine (4-phenetidine, 4-ethoxyaniline) is an aromatic amine historically used as an intermediate in azo dye synthesis and hair coloring formulations. The EU Commission's Annex II listing (reference II/1203) for p-phenetidine indicates identification of serious health risks, likely including carcinogenic or genotoxic potential, leading to near-total prohibition in cosmetic products within the EU market. The aniline structure raises concerns about methemoglobinemia, sensitization, and potential formation of reactive nitrogen species. Any presence as an impurity in other hair dye formulations must be rigorously controlled to trace levels due to the severe restriction status.

Known concerns

  • EU Annex II prohibition (II/1203) indicating serious health risk
  • Potential carcinogenicity and genotoxicity
  • Methemoglobin formation risk
  • Severely restricted in all cosmetic product types

References

EU

EU CosIng database

European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry: regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.

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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve, so always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.