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5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyrane-4-one

CAS 501-30-4
48

Safety score · 0–100

Moderate

Derived from EU CosIng regulatory status, PubChem hazard data and published research. How we score.

5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4h-pyrane-4-one is a cosmetic ingredient used in product formulations. Exercise caution due to limited available safety data.

Kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-pyrane-4-one) is widely used as a skin lightening and brightening agent due to its tyrosinase inhibition activity, blocking melanin synthesis. The EU has implemented a concentration limit of 1% in cosmetic products, reflecting safety considerations. The H351 classification (suspected of causing cancer by inhalation) pertains primarily to occupational exposure to powder forms; topical cosmetic use remains permitted within the concentration restriction. Some sensitization and contact dermatitis cases have been reported in the literature, particularly with higher concentrations or improper use.

Skin benefits

  • Tyrosinase inhibitor - reduces melanin production
  • Skin lightening and brightening effects
  • Addresses hyperpigmentation and uneven skin tone
  • Antioxidant properties in formulations

Known concerns

  • H351 - suspected carcinogen (primarily inhalation route concern)
  • Skin sensitization and contact dermatitis reported
  • May cause skin irritation in some individuals
  • Concentration restricted to 1% maximum in EU
  • Photosensitization potential

References

EU

EU CosIng database

European Commission cosmetic ingredient registry: regulatory status, restrictions, authorised functions.

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This profile is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Regulatory status and scientific understanding evolve, so always read the physical product label and consult a healthcare professional for personal concerns.